How to Calculate Your TOEFL Reading Scores? - TOEFL Reading scores range from 0 to 30, and are assigned using a predefined AI system that prefixes the answers and removes subjectivity. The iBT TOEFL reading test consists of 30 to 40 questions that must be answered within 54 to 72 minutes. TOEFL reading questions are passage-based, requiring candidates to grasp and give answers.
The TOEFL reading section consists of two types of questions: multiple choice questions with one mark each, and "Reading to Learn" questions with two to three TOEFL reading points each. TOEFL reading scaled scores are converted to TOEFL reading raw scores to determine a candidate's total score.
There are two types of TOEFL reading scores: raw score and scaled score. TOEFL reading raw scores show the points received by a candidate for all right answers on the exam. TOEFL reading scaled scores are calculated by converting raw results into metrics based on a table provided by the Educational Testing Service. In simple terms -
Raw Score: In the TOEFL reading portion, a candidate's correct replies are recorded, and the maximum score is 33.
Scaled Score: These are part of the final TOEFL reading scores and are a conversion of the raw score out of 30. For an estimated computation, the following formula may be used:
Scaled Score = [Raw/33] * 30 [Rounded Fractions]
A TOEFL reading exam may include certain additional questions that will not contribute towards the TOEFL reading score. These questions are meant to aid ETS in:
Comparing test results
Determine how these questions will perform under actual testing circumstances.
TOEFL reading scores exist in the following ranges:
TOEFL Score Range |
TOEFL Score Level |
Reading Score Range 0–30 |
Advanced (24–30) High-Intermediate (18–23) Low-Intermediate (4–17) Below Low-Intermediate (0–3) |
The table below summarises the conversion of TOEFL scaled scores to TOEFL reading raw scores:
TOEFL Reading Raw Score |
TOEFL Reading Scaled Score |
10 |
2-10 |
11 |
4-12 |
12 |
5-13 |
13 |
7-15 |
14 |
8-16 |
15 |
10-17 |
16 |
11-18 |
17 |
13-19 |
18 |
14-20 |
19 |
15-21 |
20 |
17-22 |
21 |
18-23 |
22 |
19-24 |
23 |
20-25 |
24 |
21-25 |
25 |
23-26 |
26 |
24-27 |
27 |
25-28 |
28 |
26-29 |
29 |
27-28 |
30 |
28-30 |
31 |
29-30 |
32-33 |
30 |
TOEFL listening and reading scores are based on percentage and approximate scaled score. The table below shows the scores and percentages of correct answers:
Percentage of Correct Answers in TOEFL Reading or Listening |
Approximate Scaled Score |
95-100 |
30 |
86-95 |
28-29 |
76-85 |
26-27 |
66-75 |
22-25 |
56-65 |
18-21 |
46-55 |
13-17 |
36-45 |
8-12 |
20-25 |
1-2 |
15-20 |
0-1 |
0-15 |
0 |
Percentile is another criterion to use while analysing TOEFL reading results. The higher the percentile, the better your TOEFL reading score will be. The TOEFL reading score percentiles are provided in the table below.
Percentile |
TOEFL Reading Score |
0-9 |
0-10* |
10 |
11 |
30 |
18-19* |
50 |
22-23* |
70 |
26 |
90 |
29-30* |
The 50th percentile is considered median; this suggests you performed better than half of the exam participants. Any score over the median is considered a good score. Before taking the TOEFL, a candidate should define their reading score target. The goal score is established by two elements. The first is extremely general: what constitutes a good TOEFL reading score? A score higher than the median percentile (50th percentile) is considered an excellent TOEFL reading score. A TOEFL reading scaled score of 22 is considered good.
An alternative way is to create a chart of all the colleges that test takers want to attend and then determine the minimum TOEFL reading score required. TOEFL score criteria for universities are as follows: On this chart, the lowest TOEFL reading score necessary is your target score; anything less than that will result in unsatisfactory results. If the university/college does not have a distinct category for TOEFL reading scores, divide their overall score requirements by 4 to determine the minimum TOEFL reading score.
Here are some steps to estimate the TOEFL Reading Score -
Step 1: Determine the overall number of raw points in your practice section.
The TOEFL Reading Section has three passages, each with ten questions, for a total of thirty questions. The first nine questions are worth only one point. However, the tenth question in each of the three sets contains several right answers and is worth two points each. (On this question type, you receive one point if you miss one of the answers and zero points if you miss more than one of the correct answers.) A TOEFL Reading section has 33 raw points, which are converted to your scaled section score. So, for step one, we have 33 points, 11 for each passage/question set. Moving on to Step 2!
Step 2: Count the points you've earned.
Consider this scenario: you take a practice Reading section and miss four questions. Take note that I stated "answers," not "questions." Because, as previously stated, some of the questions (the final questions of each ten-question set) have several right answers. In this scenario, we'll assume you missed the answers to three standard one-point questions. That's three points you didn't earn. Then we'll pretend you missed one of the right answers in a multiple-choice 2-point question. You lost one point, but you earned the other.
You lost a total of four raw points. Subtract those four raw points from the TOEFL Reading section's overall score of 33. You've earned 29 points.
Step 3: Divide earned points by total potential points to calculate a percentage.
So you received 30 out of 33 points, resulting in a raw score of 30 out of 33. That score may be represented as 30/33, which equals.91, rounded to the closest tenth place decimal. When expressed as a percentage, it is 91%.
Step 4: Convert your percentage to the TOEFL Reading score range of 0-30.
TOEFL Reading is assessed on a scale of 0 to 30. To determine your Reading score based on the above performance, calculate 91% of 30. You may accomplish this by multiplying 0.91 by 30. 0.91*30 = 27.3. Round this to 27, and you've got your TOEFL score for the Reading portion. Assuming you do similarly on test day, you may expect your TOEFL Reading score to be approximately 27.
Keep in mind that just one practice section is insufficient to adequately assess your skills. Try a couple more genuine, up-to-date practice sections (such as the free ones on the ETS website), and you'll have a better notion of what your score may be.
Remember that ETS makes minor modifications to your score based on the relative difficulty of the various questions. There is no way to estimate your TOEFL Reading score with 100% accuracy. However, with enough preparation and the correct maths, you can create a fairly accurate estimate and feel confident about your performance on test day.